SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER

• Wisconsin has nearly 11,500 public water systems which meet the daily water needs of about 4 million people. Public water systems that are owned by a community are called municipal water systems. Kenosha County has 5 municipal water systems.  

GROUNDWATER PROTECTION POLICIES   

• 2 of 5 municipal water systems in Kenosha County have a wellhead protection plan: Bristol and Paddock Lake.
• 0 of 5 municipal water systems in Kenosha County have a wellhead protection ordinance.
• Kenosha County has not adopted an animal waste management ordinance.

MONEY SPENT ON CLEANUP

• Over $34 million has been spent on petroleum cleanup in Kenosha County from leaking underground storage tanks, which equates to $214 per county resident.
• No municipal water systems in Kenosha County have spent money to reduce nitrate levels.

GROUNDWATER USE    

• From 1979 to 2005, total water use in Kenosha County has fluctuated from about 17.8 million gallons per day to 23.0 million gallons per day.*
• The fluctuations in total water use are due primarily to fluctuations in industrial, domestic and public use and losses usage. Commercial uses increased during the same period.
• The proportion of county water use supplied by groundwater has fluctuated from about 11% to 18% during the period 1979 to 2005.*
• Water use in Wisconsin is generally estimated for the following categories:
  • Domestic
  • Livestock
  • Aquaculture
  • Irrigation
  • Industrial
  • Commercial
  • Public use and losses
  • Thermoelectric or mining*

* Thermoelectric and mining data are not considered in water-use tables or figures on this web site. Thermoelectric-power water use is the amount of water used in the process of generating thermoelectric power. The predominant use of water is as non-contact cooling water to condense the steam created to turn the turbines and generate electricity.

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF GROUNDWATER TO CONTAMINANTS   

• Wisconsin has abundant quantities of high-quality groundwater, but once groundwater is contaminated, it's very expensive and often not technically possible to clean.
• An evaluation of the susceptibility of groundwater to contamination in Kenosha County can be seen in the FULL REPORT or accessed through the map link above.

GROUNDWATER QUALITY

• 92% of 91 private well samples collected in Kenosha County from 1990-2006 met the health-based drinking water limit for nitrate-nitrogen.  
• A 2002 study estimated that 21% of private drinking water wells in the region of Wisconsin that includes Kenosha County contained a detectable level of an herbicide or herbicide metabolite. Pesticides occur in groundwater more commonly in agricultural regions, but can occur anywhere pesticides are stored or applied.   
• There are no atrazine prohibition areas in Kenosha County.
• 100% of 5 private well samples collected in Kenosha County met the health standard for arsenic.

POTENTIAL SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS

• There are 215 open-status sites in Kenosha County that have contaminated groundwater and/or soil. These sites include 51 Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) sites, 73 Environmental Repair (ERP) sites, 83 spill sites and 8 Voluntary Party Liability Exemption (VPLE) sites.   
• There are no concentrated animal feeding operations in Kenosha County.
• There is 1 licensed landfill in Kenosha County.
• There are no Superfund sites in Kenosha County.

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