SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER

• Wisconsin has nearly 11,500 public water systems which meet the daily water needs of about 4 million people. Public water systems that are owned by a community are called municipal water systems.

GROUNDWATER PROTECTION POLICIES 

• No municipal water systems in Menominee County were found that have a wellhead protection plan or wellhead protection ordinance.
• Menominee County has not adopted an animal waste management ordinance.

MONEY SPENT ON CLEANUP

• Over $1 million has been spent on petroleum cleanup in Menominee County from leaking underground storage tanks, which equates to $245 per county resident.
• No municipal water systems in Menominee County have spent money to reduce nitrate levels.

GROUNDWATER USE    

• From 1979 to 2005, total water use in Menominee County has increased from about 240,000 gallons per day to about 1.2 million gallons per day.*
• The increase in total water use is due primarily to an increase in aquaculture use.
• The proportion of county water use supplied by groundwater has decreased from 100% to about 63% during the period 1979 to 2000 and increased to 69% in 2005.*
• Water use in Wisconsin is generally estimated for the following categories:
  • Domestic
  • Livestock
  • Aquaculture
  • Irrigation
  • Industrial
  • Commercial
  • Public use and losses
  • Thermoelectric or mining*

* Thermoelectric and mining data are not considered in water-use tables or figures on this web site. Thermoelectric-power water use is the amount of water used in the process of generating thermoelectric power. The predominant use of water is as non-contact cooling water to condense the steam created to turn the turbines and generate electricity.

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF GROUNDWATER TO CONTAMINANTS   

• Wisconsin has abundant quantities of high-quality groundwater, but once groundwater is contaminated, it's very expensive and often not technically possible to clean.
• An evaluation of the susceptibility of groundwater to contamination in Menominee County can be seen in the FULL REPORT or accessed through the map link above.

GROUNDWATER QUALITY

• 100% of 16 private well samples collected in Menominee County from 1990-2006 met the health-based drinking water limit for nitrate-nitrogen.  
• A 2002 study estimated that 18% of private drinking water wells in the region of Wisconsin that includes Menominee County contained a detectable level of an herbicide or herbicide metabolite. Pesticides occur in groundwater more commonly in agricultural regions, but can occur anywhere pesticides are stored or applied.   
• There are no atrazine prohibition areas in Menominee County.
• 78% of 9 private well samples collected in Menominee County met the health standard for arsenic.

POTENTIAL SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS

• There is 1 open-status site in Menominee County that have contaminated groundwater and/or soil. The site is a Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) site.   
• There are no concentrated animal feeding operations in Menominee County.
• There are no licensed landfills in Menominee County.
• There are no Superfund sites in Menominee County.

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